Timbuktu and the Songhay Empire
“Timbuktu is a town inhabited by people of various races, but the greater part is made up of Whites, such as Arabs; they are subject to the king of Gao. This town is the entrepot for all goods in transit…
The old Moorish City is full of history written in Stones, Archives, and Races
Oran. Negro Village. Grand Mufti. Co 19, 1985 conference. (Arrived in Oran, February 1985.) “The old Moorish city is full of history written in stones, archives, and races. It was alternatively the great stronghold of Moors, Turks, and Spaniards, during…
Africas Legacies Of Urbanization: Unfoldi: Unfolding Saga of a Continent
“In the interior of western Africa around the same time, Askia the Great, of Mande ethnicity, established a new ruling dynasty in Songhai by overthrowing the preceding Lemta Tuareg dynasty associated with Sonni Ali. As Songhai expanded, a number…
Turks, Moors, and Englishmen in the Age of Discovery
For Foss, the three-year ordeal of captivity had no religious relevance. This indifference to religion did not, however, prevent Foss from advancing a strong anti-Muslim invective. Just as the Indian captivity account served to foment anti-Indian hatred, Foss used his…
Islam in Britain, 1558-1685
The “Turks ad Moors” of North Africa and the rest of the Ottoman dominions were spreading alarm in England, Wales and elsewhere in the British Isles, especially among fisherman, sailors, traders ad the Levant Company’s representatives in Parliament. From Minehead…